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Activities owned or controlled by the organisation that release emissions straight into the atmosphere. For manufacturing business these would be emissions from equipment and machinery used in production. Businesses that own or lease vehicles are also included within scope 1. For many office-based businesses, scope 1 emissions are usually very small.

Emissions being released into the atmosphere associated with the consumption of purchased electricity, heat, steam, and cooling. These are indirect emissions that are a consequence of the organisation’s activities – but occur at sources that the business does not own or control. These emissions would be the energy usage by the organisation and staff working at sites under the operational control of the business.

Emissions that are a consequence of business activity, which occur at sources which are not owned or controlled, which are not classed as scope 2 emissions. Scope 3 emissions can be quite broad, including areas such as waste management, business travel, staff commuting, events, the emissions produced from delivery to and from the organisation (including third party delivery services), transmission and distribution losses associated with electricity usage, and well to tank emissions from combustion fuels.